LUPUS

LUPUS

Lupus disease is a deadly new disease equivalent to cancer. Not a little people who have this disease is beyond help. In the world, is detected  that people who have Lupus disease reach 5 million people, more than 100 thousand new cases occur each year.

The meaning of the word ‘lupus’  in Latin means "coyote". This term began to be known about a century ago. Initially, people who have this disease was thought  have abnormalities of skin, such as redness around the nose and cheeks. Red blotches on the face and arms, heat and prolonged fatigue, their hair loss, swollen joints and often arise mouth ulcer. This disease is not only attack the skin, but also can affect almost every organ in the body.

The symptoms of the disease known as Systemic Lupus erythematosus  aka Lupus. Erythematosus means redness. whereas systemic means spread  to various organs of the body.  The term is called SLE or Lupus. The symptoms commonly encountered are:

1. The skin is easily burned by the sun and onset of digestive disorders.
2. The Symptoms that generally occurs are people who have this disease often feel weak, excessive fatigue, fever and aches. These symptoms are mainly found in the active period, whereas during remission (off) disappeared.
3. In the skin, it would appear a red rash that rand on both cheeks, like a butterfly. Sometimes called the ‘butterfly rash’. But a red rash like a discs may appear on the skin throughout the body, prominent and sometimes scaly. Seeing the many symptoms of this disease, the woman who was attacked by two or more symptoms, should be suspected of having lupus.
4. Anemia, that caused by red blood cells are destroyed by this lupus disease.
5. Hair that often falls out and excessive fatigue.

Dr. Gunadi  from medical faculty of Padjadjaran Univercity / RSHS explained that lupus is a disease of the immune system in wich the tissue in the body is considered a foreign object. The reaction of the immune system can affect various organ systems of the body like the skin, muscles, bones, kidneys, nervous system, cardiovascular system, the lungs, the lining of the lungs, liver, digestive system, eyes, brain, and blood vessels and cells blood cells.

"This disease can affect all of people, 1-5 people in 100,000 inhabitants, is genetic, can be derived. Women more often 6-10 times than men, especially in the age of 15-40 years. African and Asian nations are more vulnerable than whites. And of course, the family Odapus. The emergence of this disease because of the sensitivity factors and trigger factors,  namely the presence of infection, the often use of drug , sun exposure, use of birth control pills, and stress, "he said. This disease actually affects women of childbearing age up to age 50 even if there are men who experience it. Therefore, the disease is thought to be related to the hormone estrogen.

In pregnancies of women with lupus, often believed to be related to pregnancy that causes abortion, impaired fetal development or the baby died at birth. But the opposite is also possible or even worsen the symptoms of LUPUS. Lupus symptoms appear often encountered during pregnancy or after childbirth.

SLE most often harms the heart, joints, skin, lungs, blood vessels, liver, kidneys, and nervous system. The course of the disease is unpredictable, with periods of illness (called flares) alternating with remissions. The disease occurs nine times more often in women than in men, especially in women in child-bearing years ages 15 to 35, and is also more common in those of non-European descent.

The body has immunity to attack disease and keep healthy. However, in this disease, the body's immune attack healthy organs. Lupus disease allegedly associated with excessive immunological system. In a person's body contained antibodies that have a function  attack the source of the disease that will entrance in the body. Interestingly, these lupus antibodies formed in the body appears excessive. As a result, antibodies actually attack the cells of a healthy body tissue. This disorder is called autoimmunity. This excessive antibodies, can go into the entire network in two ways:

First, the strange antibodies can directly attack this body tissue, such as red blood cells that cause the cells will be destroyed. This is the result of sufferers lack of red blood cells or anemia.

Second, the antibodies can join with the antigen (antibody formation stimulating substance), forming a bond called immune complexes. Combined antibody and antigen complex flow with blood, until lodged in the capillaries that will cause inflammation. Under normal circumstances, this complex will be limited by inflammatory cells (phagocytes). However, in abnormal circumstances, this complex can not be constrained well. In fact, inflammatory cells had multiplied while secretes enzymes, which cause inflammation around the complex. As a result, the process of inflammation will be prolonged  and damage organs and interfere with its function. Furthermore, it will be seen as a symptom of disease. If this happens, then the long-term organ function will be disrupted.

Complete recovery from the disease, it seems difficult. Doctors are more focused on the treatment that is temporary. More focus on preventing the spread of disease and do not attack the body's vital organs.

There is no cure for SLE. It is treated with immunosuppression, mainly with cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids and other immunosuppressants. SLE can be fatal. Survival for people with SLE in the United States, Canada, and Europe has risen to approximately 95% at five years, 90% at 10 years, and 78% at 20 years, and now approaches that of matched controls without lupus.

Childhood systemic lupus erythematosus generally presents between the ages of 3 and 15, with girls outnumbering boys 4:1, and typical skin manifestations being butterfly eruption on the face and photosensitivity.

The treatment of SLE involves preventing flares and reducing their severity and duration when they occur. Treatment can include corticosteroids and anti-malarial drugs. Certain types of lupus nephritis such as diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis require bouts of cytotoxic drugs. These drugs include cyclophosphamide and mycophenolate.

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was approved by the FDA for lupus in 1955. Some drugs approved for other diseases are used for SLE 'off-label'. In November 2010, an FDA advisory panel recommended approving belimumab (Benlysta) as a treatment for the pain and flare-ups common in lupus. The drug was approved by the FDA in March 2011.

References
http://doktersehat.com/lupus-apa-itu-penyakit-lupus/